Unit 5

   Perceptions

• The process of organizing and interpreting information enabling

   Visual capture

• The tendency for vision to dominate the other senses.

     Gestalt psychology

• These psychologists emphasize our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes.
• The whole is the greater than the sum of its parts.

    Figure ground relationship

• The organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground)

    Grouping

• The perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into groups that we understand

          1.proximity we group by figures together
          2 similarity we group items that are similar
          3 continuity we are looking for continuous patterns
          4 contentedness that is uniform and link together

       Depth perception

• The ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two dimensional.
• Allows us to judge distance.

         Visual cliff

• A baby is crawling to the edge

How do we transform a two dimensional objects to a three dimensional

•  Binocular cues: depth cues that depend on two eyes
•  Monocular cues: depth cues that depend on one eye
•  Binocular cue

                 -Retinal disparity: a binocular cue for seeing depth
                 -The closer an object comes  to you the greater the disparity is between the two Image

•  Monocular cues

                -Interposition: if something is blocking our view we perceive it as closer
                -Relative size: if we know that two objects are similar in size the one that looks smaller is farther away
                -Relative clarity we assume hazy objects are farther away
                -Texture gradient : the coarser it looks the closer it is
                 -Relative height: things higher in our field of vision they look farther away
                -Relative motion: things that are closer appear to move more quickly
               -Linear perspective : parallel lines seen to converge with distance
                -Light and shadow dimmer objects appear farther away because they reflect less light
    Phi phenomenon

• An illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in succession

    Perceptual consistency

• Perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images changes